fix formatting for (non-generated) internal source files

- Change formatting standard to Cpp11. Main difference is not having
  the space between two closing >> for nested templates. We don't
  choose c++14, because older versions of clang-format (version 9
  and earlier) don't know this value yet, and it doesn't make a
  difference in the formatting.
- Apply clang-format to all (non generated) internal source files.
- Manually fix some code sections (clang-format on/off) and c-strings
- Exclude some embedded external files with very different formatting
  (gtest/gmock)
- Add script to format all source files

Change-Id: Ic6cea41575ad6e37c9e136dbce176b0d505dc44d

examples/nist.cc

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ using std::vector;
 void SplitStringUsingChar(const string& full,
                           const char delim,
                           vector<string>* result) {
-  std::back_insert_iterator<vector<string> > it(*result);
+  std::back_insert_iterator<vector<string>> it(*result);
 
   const char* p = full.data();
   const char* end = p + full.size();
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ int RegressionDriver(const string& filename) {
       ceres::TinySolverCostFunctionAdapter<Eigen::Dynamic, num_parameters> cfa(
           *cost_function);
       typedef ceres::TinySolver<
-          ceres::TinySolverCostFunctionAdapter<Eigen::Dynamic, num_parameters> >
+          ceres::TinySolverCostFunctionAdapter<Eigen::Dynamic, num_parameters>>
           Solver;
       Solver solver;
       solver.options.max_num_iterations = FLAGS_num_iterations;